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Planetary Gearbox Stepper Motor

What is planetary gearbox?

A planetary gear system, also known as an epicyclic gear system, consists of spur gears arranged in a specific configuration. In this setup, a central gear, referred to as the sun gear, functions as the primary input and driving gear. Surrounding the sun gear are three or more planet gears, which rotate around it as part of the planetary gearbox. These planet gears engage with an inner ring gear, forming an internal spur gear design.

The design of planetary gear trains allows for a very robust and durable system, as the planet gears are evenly spaced around the sun gear. This arrangement distributes the load effectively, enhancing strength and reliability. Additionally, a notable advantage of planetary gearsets is their adaptability; modifying the gear ratio is straightforward and can be accomplished by simply swapping the carrier and sun gears.

Mechanism and Design

Planetary gearsets operate using spur gears that move in opposite directions within the same plane. While spur gears are fundamental in terms of engineering, lacking the specialized angles or cuts found in bevel or herringbone gears, the complexity lies in their tooth shape design. This design is crucial as it dictates the contact points between gear teeth, which subsequently influences the power, torque, and speed capabilities of the system based on the application.

Overall, the versatility and efficiency of planetary gear systems make them ideal for a variety of applications, providing effective gearing solutions for numerous mechanical systems.

Features:

Increased Torque Output
Enhanced Positioning Accuracy and Resolution
High Efficiency with Minimal Power Loss
Compact and Space-Efficient Design
Low Backlash for High Precision
High Load Capacity and Durability
Wide Range of Gear Ratios
Compatibility with Stepper Motor Drivers and Controllers

NEMA 11 Hybrid Stepper Motor with Common Planetary Gearbox

Stepper motor, small size, high torque, low noise, step angle: 1.8°, NEMA11, 28x28mm

Gear Ratio: 1 Stage: 4/5/7/10:1

2 Stage: 16/20/25/28/30/35/40/45/50/70/100:1

3 Stage: 64/80/100/125/140/175/200:1

Optional: Lead-wires, gearbox, encoder, brake, integrated drivers...

Model	Gearbox	Step Angle	Phase	Shaft	Wires	Body Length	Shaft Dia	Shaft Length	Current	Resistance	Inductance	Holding Torque	Leads No.	Rotor Inertia	Weight
Model	/	(°)	/	/	/	(L)mm	mm	mm	A	Ω	mH	N.cm	No.	g.cm²	Kg
JK28HS32-0674	HPR28	1.8	2	Round	Direct wires	32	5	10	0.67	5.6	3.4	6	4	9	0.11
JK28HS45-0674	HPR28	1.8	2	Round	Direct wires	45	5	10	0.67	6.8	4.9	9.5	4	12	0.14
JK28HS51-0674	HPR28	1.8	2	Round	Direct wires	51	5	10	0.67	9.2	7.2	12	4	18	0.2

NEMA 11 JK-HPR28 L Series Common Planetary Gearbox Specification

Model	/	JK-HPR28-L1				JK-HPR28-L2											JK-HPR28-L3
Gear Ratio	/	4	5	7	10	16	20	25	28	30	35	40	45	50	70	100	64	80	100	125	140	175	200
Gear Trains	/	1				2											3
Gearbox Length	mm	53				61											69
Rated Torque	N.m	2	2	2	1	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	3	3	3	6	6	6	6	6	6	6
Sundden Stop Torque	N.m	4	4	4	2	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	6	6	6	12	12	12	12	12	12	12
Back Lash	arcmin	≤15 arcmin				≤20 arcmin											≤25 arcmin
Efficiency	%	96				94											90
Suitable Motor Dimension	mm	Φ5-10 / Φ22-2.5 / F23-M2.5
Rated Input Speed	rpm	1000
Max Input Speed	rpm	2000
Average Life Span	h	20000
Axial Force	N	100
Radial Force	N	300
Noise	dB	≤55
Protection Level	IP	IP54
Work Temp.	℃	-20 to + 150
Out Shaft Type	/	D-cut Type

NEMA 14 Hybrid Stepper Motor with Common Planetary Gearbox

Stepper motor, small size, high torque, low noise, step angle: 0.9° or 1.8°, NEMA14, 35x35mm

Gear Ratio: 1 Stage: 3/4/5/6/7:1

2 Stage: 9/15/20/25/30/35:1

3 Stage: 45/100/120/140/150/175/210:1

Optional: Lead-wires, gearbox, encoder, brake, integrated drivers...

Model	Gearbox	Step Angle	Phase	Shaft	Wires	Body Length	Shaft Dia	Shaft Length	Current	Resistance	Inductance	Holding Torque	Leads No.	Rotor Inertia	Weight
Model	/	(°)	/	/	/	(L)mm	mm	mm	A	Ω	mH	N.cm	No.	g.cm²	Kg
JK35HS28-0504	HPR35	1.8	2	Round	Direct wire	28	5	10	0.5	20	14	10	4	11	0.13
JK35HS34-1004	HPR35	1.8	2	Round	Direct wire	34	5	10	1	2.7	4.3	14	4	13	0.17
JK35HS42-1004	HPR35	1.8	2	Round	Direct wire	42	5	10	1	3.8	3.5	20	4	23	0.22

NEMA 14 JK-HPR35 L Series Common Planetary Gearbox Specification

Model	/	JK-HPR35-L1					JK-HPR35-L2							JK-HPR35-L3
Gear Ratio	/	3	4	5	6	7	9	15	20	25	30	35	42	45	100	120	140	150	175	210
Gear Trains	/	1					2							3
Gearbox Length	mm	60					69.5							79
Rated Torque	N.m	6	7	6.5	5	5	8	9	8.5	8.5	7	7	7	10	9	9	9	8.5	8.5	8.5
Sundden Stop Torque	N.m	12	14	13	10	10	16	18	17	17	14	14	14	20	18	18	18	17	17	17
Back Lash	arcmin	≤15 arcmin					≤20 arcmin							≤25 arcmin
Efficiency	%	96					94							90
Suitable Motor Dimension	mm	Φ5-10 / Φ22-2 / F26-M3
Rated Input Speed	rpm	1000
Max Input Speed	rpm	2000
Average Life Span	h	20000
Axial Force	N	100
Radial Force	N	270
Noise	dB	≤55
Protection Level	IP	IP54
Work Temp.	℃	-20 to + 150
Out Shaft Type	/	Key Shaft Type

NEMA 17 Hybrid Stepper Motor with JK-HPR42 L / LSW Series Common Planetary Gearbox

Stepper motor, high torque, low noise, smooth type, step angle: 1.8° or 0.9°, NEMA17, 42x42mm

Gear Ratio: 1 Stage: 4/5/10:1

2 Stage: 20/25/50/100:1

Optional: Lead-wires, gearbox, encoder, brake, integrated drivers...

Model	Gearbox	Step Angle	Phase	Shaft	Wires	Body Length	Shaft Dia	Shaft Length	Current	Resistance	Inductance	Holding Torque	Leads No.	Rotor Inertia	Weight
	Gearbox	Step Angle	Phase	Shaft	Wires	Body Length	Shaft Dia	Shaft Length	Current	Resistance	Inductance	Holding Torque	Leads No.	Rotor Inertia	Weight
	/	(°)	/	/	/	(L)mm	mm	mm	A	Ω	mH	N.cm	No.	g.cm²	Kg
JK42HS25-0404	FLE42-L	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	25	5	10	0.4	24	36	15	4	20	0.15
JK42HS25-0404	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	25	5	24	0.4	24	36	15	4	20	0.15
JK42HS28-0504	FLE42-L	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	28	5	10	0.5	20	21	18	4	24	0.22
JK42HS28-0504	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	28	5	24	0.5	20	21	18	4	24	0.22
JK42HS34-1334	FLE42-L	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	34	5	10	1.33	2.1	2.5	26	4	34	0.22
JK42HS34-1334	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	34	5	24	1.33	2.1	2.5	26	4	34	0.22
JK42HS34-0956	FLE42-L	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	34	5	10	0.95	4.2	2.5	22	6	34	0.22
JK42HS34-0956	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	34	5	24	0.95	4.2	2.5	22	6	34	0.22
JK42HS40-1206	FLE42-L	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	40	5	10	1.2	3	2.7	32	6	54	0.28
JK42HS40-1206	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	40	5	24	1.2	3	2.7	32	6	54	0.28
JK42HS40-1704	FLE42-L	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	40	5	10	1.7	1.5	2.3	42	4	54	0.28
JK42HS40-1704	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	40	5	24	1.7	1.5	2.3	42	4	54	0.28
JK42HS48-1206	FLE42-L	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	48	5	10	1.2	3.3	2.8	40	6	68	0.35
JK42HS48-1206	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	48	5	24	1.2	3.3	2.8	40	6	68	0.35
JK42HS48-1684	FLE42-L	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	48	5	10	1.68	1.65	2.8	44	4	68	0.35
JK42HS48-1684	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	48	5	24	1.68	1.65	2.8	44	4	68	0.35
JK42HS60-1206	FLE42-L	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	60	5	10	1.2	6	7	56	6	102	0.55
JK42HS60-1206	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	Round	Lead wire	60	5	24	1.2	6	7	56	6	102	0.55
JK42HS60-1704	FLE42-L	1.8	2	D-cut	Lead wire	60	5	10	1.7	3	6.2	73	4	102	0.55
JK42HS60-1704	FLE42-LSW	1.8	2	D-cut	Lead wire	60	5	24	1.7	3	6.2	73	4	102	0.55

NEMA 17 JK-HPR42 L / LSW Series Common Planetary Gearbox Specification

Model	/	JK-FLE42-L1			JK-FLE42-L2				JK-FLE42-L1SW			JK-FLE42-L2SW
Gear Ratio	/	4	5	10	20	25	50	100	4	5	10	20	25	50	100
Gear Trains	/	1			2				1			2
Gearbox Length	mm	61.5			72.5				76.5			87.5
Rated Torque	N.m	9	9	5	10	10	10	5	9	9	5	10	10	10	10
Sundden Stop Torque	N.m	18	18	10	20	20	20	10	18	18	10	20	20	20	20
Back Lash	arcmin	≤30 arcmin			≤45arcmin				≤30 arcmin			≤45arcmin
Efficiency	%	90			80				90			80
Suitable Motor Dimension	mm	Φ5-10 / Φ22-2 / F31-M3							Φ5-24 / Φ22-2 / F31-M3
Rated Input Speed	rpm	1000
Max Input Speed	rpm	2000
Average Life Span	h	20000
Axial Force	N	100
Radial Force	N	300
Noise	dB	≤55
Protection Level	IP	IP54
Work Temp.	℃	-20 to + 150
Out Shaft Type	/	Key Shaft Type

NEMA 23 Hybrid Stepper Motor with JK-FLF57 Series Common Planetary Gearbox

Stepper motor, high torque, low noise, smooth type, step angle: 0.9° or 1.2° or 1.8° NEMA23, 57x57mm

Gear Ratio: 1 Stage: 4/5/10:1

2 Stage: 20/25/50:1

Optional: Lead-wires, gearbox, encoder, brake, integrated drivers...

Model	Gearbox	Step Angle	Phase	Shaft Type	Body Length	Shaft Dia	Shaft Length	Current	Resistance	Inductance	Holding Torque	Leads No.	Rotor Inertia	Weight
Model	/	(°)	/	/	(L) mm	mm	mm	A	Ω	mH	Nm	No.	g.cm²	Kg
JK57HS41-2804	HPR57-L	1.8	2	Round	41	6.35 / 8	14.5	2.8	0.7	1.4	0.55	4	150	0.47
JK57HS41-2804	HPR57-LSW	1.8	2	Round	41	6.35 / 8	21	2.8	0.7	1.4	0.55	4	150	0.47
JK57HS51-2804	HPR57-L	1.8	2	Round	51	6.35 / 8	14.5	2.8	0.83	2.2	1.01	4	230	0.59
JK57HS51-2804	HPR57-LSW	1.8	2	Round	51	6.35 / 8	21	2.8	0.83	2.2	1.01	4	230	0.59
JK57HS56-2804	HPR57-L	1.8	2	Round	56	6.35 / 8	14.5	2.8	0.9	2.5	1.26	4	280	0.68
JK57HS56-2804	HPR57-LSW	1.8	2	Round	56	6.35 / 8	21	2.8	0.9	2.5	1.26	4	280	0.68
JK57HS76-2804	HPR57-L	1.8	2	Round	76	6.35 / 8	14.5	2.8	1.1	3.6	1.89	4	440	1.1
JK57HS76-2804	HPR57-LSW	1.8	2	Round	76	6.35 / 8	21	2.8	1.1	3.6	1.89	4	440	1.1
JK57HS82-3004	HPR57-L	1.8	2	Round	82	6.35 / 8	14.5	3.0	1.2	4.0	2.1	4	600	1.2
JK57HS82-3004	HPR57-LSW	1.8	2	Round	82	6.35 / 8	21	3.0	1.2	4.0	2.1	4	600	1.2
JK57HS100-3004	HPR57-L	1.8	2	Round	100	6.35 / 8	14.5	3.0	0.75	3.0	3.0	4	700	1.3
JK57HS100-3004	HPR57-LSW	1.8	2	Round	100	6.35 / 8	21	3.0	0.75	3.0	3.0	4	700	1.3
JK57HS112-3004	HPR57-L	1.8	2	Round	112	6.35 / 8	14.5	3.0	1.6	7.5	3.0	4	800	1.4
JK57HS112-3004	HPR57-LSW	1.8	2	Round	112	6.35 / 8	21	3.0	1.6	7.5	3.0	4	800	1.4
JK57HS112-4204	HPR57-L	1.8	2	Round	112	6.35 / 8	14.5	4.2	0.9	3.8	3.1	4	800	1.4
JK57HS112-4204	HPR57-LSW	1.8	2	Round	112	6.35 / 8	21	4.2	0.9	3.8	3.1	4	800	1.4

NEMA 23 JK-FLF57 L Series Common Planetary Gearbox Specification

Model	/	JK-FLF57-L1			JK-FLF57-L2			JK-FLF57-L1SW			JK-FLF57-L2SW
Gear Ratio	/	4	5	10	20	25	50	4	5	10	20	25	50
Gear Trains	/	1			2			1			2
Gearbox Length	mm	89.5			102			100.3			112.8
Rated Torque	N.m	25	25	10	25	25	20	25	25	10	25	25	20
Sundden Stop Torque	N.m	50	50	20	50	50	40	50	50	20	50	50	40
Back Lash	arcmin	≤30 arcmin			≤45arcmin			≤30 arcmin			≤45arcmin
Efficiency	%	90			80			90			80
Suitable Motor Dimension	mm	Φ8-14 / Φ38.1-2 / F47.4-M4 or Φ6.35-14 / Φ38.1-2 / F47.4-M4						Φ8-22 / Φ38.1-2 / F47.14-M4 or Φ6.35-22 / Φ38.1-2 / F47.14-M4
Rated Input Speed	rpm	1000
Max Input Speed	rpm	2000
Average Life Span	h	20000
Axial Force	N	100
Radial Force	N	300
Noise	dB	≤55
Protection Level	IP	IP54
Work Temp.	℃	-20 to + 150
Out Shaft Type	/	Key Shaft Type

NEMA 24 Hybrid Stepper Motor with PX57 Series Common Planetary Gearbox

Stepper motor, high torque, low noise, smooth type, step angle: 1.8° NEMA24, 60x60mm

Gear Ratio: 1 Stage: 3/4/5/6/7/10:1

2 Stage: 16/20/24/30/36/40/50:1

3 Stage: 64/96/100/144/216:1

Optional: Lead-wires, gearbox, encoder, brake, integrated drivers...

Model	Gearbox	Step Angle	Phase	Shaft Type	Wires	Body Length	Current	Resistance	Inductance	Holding Torque	Leads No.	Rotor Inertia	Weight
Model	/	(°)	/	/	/	(L)mm	A	Ω	mH	Nm	No.	g.cm²	Kg
JK60HS56-2804	PX57	1.8	2	Round	Direct wire	56	2.8	0.9	3.6	1.65	4	300	0.77
JK60HS67-2804	PX57	1.8	2	Round	Direct wire	67	2.8	1.2	4.6	2.1	4	570	1.2
JK60HS88-2804	PX57	1.8	2	Round	Direct wire	88	2.8	1.5	6.8	3.1	4	840	1.4
JK60HS100-2804	PX57	1.8	2	Round	Direct wire	100	2.8	1.6	6.4	4	4	980	1100
JK60HS111-2804	PX57	1.8	2	Round	Direct wire	111	2.8	2.2	8.3	4.5	4	1120	1200

NEMA 24 JK- PX57 Series Common Planetary Gearbox Specification

Model	/	JK-PX57-L1						JK-PX57-L2							JK-HPR57-L3
Gear Ratio	/	3	4	5	6	7	10	16	20	24	30	36	40	50	64	96	100	144	216
Gear Trains	/	1						2							3
Gearbox Length	mm	72						86							100
Rated Torque	N.m	15						30							40
Max Load	N.m	25						40							50
Back Lash	arcmin	≤15						≤30							≤50
Efficiency	%	95						90							85
Weight	Kg	0.9						1.2							1.4
Noise	dB	≤60						≤65							≤75
Protection Level	IP	IP65
Rated Input Speed	rpm	≤3000
Working hours	h	20000
Install Methods	/	Flange

NEMA 34 Hybrid Stepper Motor with PX86 Series Common Planetary Gearbox

Stepper motor, low rotor inertia, large torque, fast acceleration, step angle: 1.8°, NEMA34, 86x86mm

Gear Ratio: 1 Stage: 3/4/5/6/7:1

2 Stage: 10/16/20/24/30/36:1

3 Stage: 52/64/96/100/144/216:1

Optional: Lead-wires, gearbox, encoder, brake, integrated drivers...

Model	Gearbox	Step Angle	Phase	Shaft Type	Wires	Body Length	Current	Resistance	Inductance	Holding Torque	Leads No.	Rotor Inertia	Weight
Model	/	(°)	/	/	/	(L)mm	A	Ω	mH	Nm	No.	g.cm²	Kg
JK86HS78-6004	PX86	1.8	2	Key	Direct wire	78	6.0	0.37	3.4	4.6	4	1400	2.3
JK86HS115-6004	PX86	1.8	2	Key	Direct wire	115	6.0	0.6	6.5	8.7	4	2700	3.8
JK86HS126-6004	PX86	1.8	2	Key	Direct wire	126	6.0	0.58	6.5	9.5	4	3200	4.5
JK86HS155-6004	PX86	1.8	2	Key	Direct wire	155	6.0	0.68	9.0	13.0	4	4000	5.4

NEMA 34 JK- PX86 Series Common Planetary Gearbox Specification

Model	/	JK-PX86-L1					JK-PX86-L2						JK-PX86-L2
Gear Ratio	/	3	4	5	6	8	10	16	20	24	30	36	52	64	96	100	144	216
Gear Trains	/	1					2						3
Gearbox Length	mm	81					95						109
Rated Torque	N.m	30					50						60
Max Load	N.m	50					80						100
Back Lash	arcmin	≤18					≤30						≤50
Efficiency	%	95					90						85
Weight	Kg	1.65					2.15						3.3
Noise	dB	≤60					≤65						≤75
Protection Level	IP	IP65
Rated Input Speed	rpm	≤3000
Working hours	h	20000
Install Methods	/	Flange

Stepper Motor with Planetary Gearbox Key Components:

Stepper Motors:

Brushless DC motors that operate in discrete steps, offering precise control over positioning and speed.
Available in bipolar and unipolar configurations.
Steps per revolution: Typically 200 steps (1.8° per step), but microstepping can achieve finer resolution.

Planetary Gearboxes:

A type of gear reducer featuring a sun gear, planet gears, and a ring gear, which together provide high torque output in a compact form.
Known for their high efficiency, effective load distribution, and low backlash.
Gear ratios: Typically range from 3:1 to 216:1, allowing for versatile speed and torque applications.

How It Works？

The stepper motor drives the sun gear located within the planetary gearbox. As the sun gear rotates, the planet gears orbit around it and mesh with the stationary ring gear. This arrangement reduces the motor's output speed while simultaneously increasing torque, making it suitable for a variety of applications requiring high torque and controlled motion.

Advantages

High Torque Output: Planetary gearboxes significantly amplify the torque produced by the motor.
Compact Design: The gearbox integrates directly with the motor, optimizing space usage.
Precise Motion Control: Stepper motors provide accurate positioning, especially effective when employed with microstepping technology.
Low Backlash: Planetary gearboxes exhibit minimal backlash, contributing to precise motion control.
Durability: Robust designs make these systems suitable for high-load applications.

Considerations

Gear Ratio: Selecting the right gear ratio is crucial based on the specific speed and torque requirements of the application.
Backlash: Ensure the gearbox maintains low backlash for applications needing high precision.
Motor Size: Choose a motor size (following NEMA standards, such as NEMA 17, 23, or 34) that meets the load requirements.
Operating Conditions: Consider factors such as temperature, environmental conditions (dust, moisture), and duty cycle during operation.
Control Electronics: Utilize a stepper motor driver that supports microstepping for smoother and more refined operation

Applications:

Robotics: Utilized for precise control of joints and arm movements, enabling accurate manipulation in robotic systems.
CNC Machines: Essential for achieving accurate positioning in milling, cutting, and engraving operations, ensuring high-quality outputs.
Automotive: Employed as actuators in various systems including mirrors, seats, and windshield wipers, enhancing functionality and user comfort.
Medical Devices: Integral to precision instruments such as pumps and surgical tools, allowing for exact control and reliability in medical applications.
Industrial Automation: Found in systems like conveyors, pick-and-place machines, and packaging equipment, improving efficiency and automation processes in manufacturing.